> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.clinikapi.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Prescriptions

> Create and manage medication orders with dosage instructions.

# Prescriptions

Prescriptions (FHIR `MedicationRequest`) represent medication orders written by practitioners.

## Create a Prescription

```ts theme={null}
const { data: rx } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  encounterId: 'enc_xyz789',
  medication: {
    system: 'http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm',
    code: '197361',
    display: 'Lisinopril 10 MG Oral Tablet',
  },
  intent: 'order',
  status: 'active',
  priority: 'routine',
  category: 'outpatient',
  authoredOn: '2026-04-29T10:00:00Z',
  dosageText: 'Take 1 tablet by mouth once daily',
  dosage: {
    dose: { value: 10, unit: 'mg' },
    frequency: 1,
    period: 1,
    periodUnit: 'd',
    route: 'oral',
  },
  refills: 3,
  quantity: { value: 30, unit: 'tablets' },
  supplyDays: 30,
  substitutionAllowed: true,
  reason: 'Essential hypertension',
  note: 'Monitor blood pressure weekly',
  courseOfTherapy: 'continuous',
});
```

## New Fields

### Status Reason

Explain why a prescription is on-hold, cancelled, or stopped:

```ts theme={null}
await clinik.prescriptions.update('rx_abc123', {
  status: 'on-hold',
  statusReason: 'Patient reported dizziness — holding pending follow-up',
});
```

### Category

Classify the medication usage context:

```ts theme={null}
const { data } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  medication: 'Metformin 500mg',
  category: 'discharge', // inpatient, outpatient, community, discharge
  // ...
});
```

### Do Not Perform

Create a "do not administer" order:

```ts theme={null}
const { data } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  medication: 'Aspirin',
  doNotPerform: true,
  reason: 'Patient has aspirin allergy',
  // ...
});
```

### Performer

Specify who should administer the medication:

```ts theme={null}
const { data } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  medication: 'Insulin Glargine 100 units/mL',
  performerId: 'prac_nurse789',
  // ...
});
```

### Course of Therapy

Indicate the overall pattern of medication administration:

```ts theme={null}
const { data } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  medication: 'Prednisone 10mg',
  courseOfTherapy: 'acute', // continuous, acute, seasonal
  // ...
});
```

### Prior Prescription

Link to a prescription being replaced:

```ts theme={null}
const { data } = await clinik.prescriptions.create({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
  medication: 'Lisinopril 20 MG Oral Tablet',
  priorPrescriptionId: 'rx_old456',
  reason: 'Dose increase — blood pressure not controlled at 10mg',
  // ...
});
```

## Dosage Options

You can provide dosage as free text, structured data, or both:

```ts theme={null}
// Free text only
{ dosageText: 'Take 1 tablet twice daily with food' }

// Structured only
{
  dosage: {
    dose: { value: 500, unit: 'mg' },
    frequency: 2,
    period: 1,
    periodUnit: 'd',
    route: 'oral',
  }
}

// Both (recommended — structured for computation, text for display)
{
  dosageText: 'Take 500mg twice daily with food',
  dosage: {
    dose: { value: 500, unit: 'mg' },
    frequency: 2,
    period: 1,
    periodUnit: 'd',
    route: 'oral',
  }
}
```

### Period Units

| Unit | Meaning |
| ---- | ------- |
| `h`  | Hours   |
| `d`  | Days    |
| `wk` | Weeks   |
| `mo` | Months  |

## Update a Prescription

```ts theme={null}
// Put a prescription on hold
const { data: updated } = await clinik.prescriptions.update('rx_abc123', {
  status: 'on-hold',
  statusReason: 'Patient reported dizziness — holding pending follow-up',
});

// Change priority
await clinik.prescriptions.update('rx_abc123', {
  priority: 'urgent',
  performerId: 'prac_nurse789',
});

// Cancel a prescription
await clinik.prescriptions.update('rx_abc123', {
  status: 'cancelled',
  statusReason: 'Replaced with alternative medication',
});
```

## Search Prescriptions

```ts theme={null}
const { data: results } = await clinik.prescriptions.search({
  patientId: 'pt_abc123',
  status: 'active',
  prescriberId: 'prac_def456',
});

for (const rx of results.data) {
  console.log(`${rx.medication} — ${rx.dosageText}`);
  console.log(`  Category: ${rx.category}, Course: ${rx.courseOfTherapy}`);
}
```

## Status Lifecycle

`draft` → `active` → `on-hold` → `completed` / `cancelled` / `stopped`

Use `statusReason` to document why a prescription changed status.

## Complete Field Reference

| Field                 | Type                        | Description                                        |
| --------------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `patientId`           | `string`                    | Patient reference (required)                       |
| `prescriberId`        | `string`                    | Prescribing practitioner (required)                |
| `medication`          | `string \| CodeableConcept` | Medication code or name (required)                 |
| `intent`              | `string`                    | proposal, plan, order, original-order              |
| `status`              | `string`                    | active, on-hold, cancelled, completed, draft       |
| `statusReason`        | `string`                    | Reason for current status                          |
| `priority`            | `string`                    | routine, urgent, asap, stat                        |
| `category`            | `string`                    | inpatient, outpatient, community, discharge        |
| `doNotPerform`        | `boolean`                   | True if prohibiting the medication                 |
| `authoredOn`          | `string`                    | When authored (ISO 8601, defaults to now)          |
| `performerId`         | `string`                    | Intended performer of administration               |
| `courseOfTherapy`     | `string`                    | continuous, acute, seasonal                        |
| `priorPrescriptionId` | `string`                    | Reference to replaced prescription                 |
| `dosageText`          | `string`                    | Human-readable dosage instructions                 |
| `dosage`              | `object`                    | Structured dosage (dose, frequency, period, route) |
| `refills`             | `number`                    | Number of refills (0-99)                           |
| `quantity`            | `{ value, unit }`           | Quantity to dispense                               |
| `supplyDays`          | `number`                    | Expected supply duration in days                   |
| `substitutionAllowed` | `boolean`                   | Allow generic substitution                         |
| `reason`              | `string`                    | Clinical reason for the prescription               |
| `note`                | `string`                    | Additional notes for the pharmacist                |